answered: I need two post replies for the post’s attached below. They

  

I need two post replies for the post’s attached below. They need to be a minimum of 200 words each.
Post One:
Jessika Alexandre
Week 1: Attachment in Infancy and Childhood
Attachment is developed and established between a mother and infant before the child is born. It is also the mother’s responsibility to preserve the attachment after birth for the growth of the mental and physical health of the baby. (Dagli & Karakas, 2019) It is equally vital for the baby to form a safe attachment to its mother.
Attachment starts in the prenatal period. It has been reported that the fetus reacts to the mother’s emotions. This response is usually heightened starting at and after the 26th week of pregnancy. (Dagli & Karakas, 2019) After birth, the tools required for maintaining the attachment will vary from parent to parent. Each baby is unique and has a different set of needs necessary to comfort them. The key will be to learn the baby’s cues and respond to them appropriately. (Robinson, Saisan, Smith, & Segal, 2022) Some ways to help to this is to pay close attention to the baby’s body language and facial expression as this can show if they are hungry, cold, or uncomfortable. It will also be imperative for the parent or caretaker to be familiar with the babies sounds and cries as each may indicate the need for something different. If a baby prefers a certain touch or sound, the attachment will grow if continues.
The attachment theory was developed in the 1960s and 1970s by British psychologist John Bowlby and American Canadian psychologist Mary Ainsworth. “It discusses how parent’s (specifically mothers) who are present and responsive to their baby’s needs give their child a safe base from which to venture forth with confidence to explore the big wide world—and then return to for comfort.” (Lewis, 2020 ) There are four main types of attachment established: secure attachment, anxious-insecure attachment, avoidant-insecure attachment, and disorganized-insecure attachment. A secure attachment is most healthy and ne that is strived for. It happens when the parents and caretakers are available, sensitive, responsive, and accepting. In relationships with secure attachments, parents let their child go out and about but are there for them with security and comfort upon their return. (Lewis, 2020 ) In anxious-insecure relationships, parents/ caretakers respond to their child needs occasionally. As a result, the child can become dependent and have more intense outbursts with hope of getting their parents to react. An avoidant-insecure relationship is formed when a parent has avoids responding to their child’s needs due to insensitivity. These parents often minimize and invalidate their child’s feelings. Consequently, the shuts down often and learns to become self-reliant. (Lewis, 2020 ) With disorganized-insecure attachment, parents showcase unusual behavior. They ridicule, ostracize, discard, and scare their child. This is usually due to the fact that the parent has unresolved issues in their past that they haven’t addressed and worked through. This type of attachment can force this child to become more aggressive towards the parent, refuse care and become completely self-reliant.
Childhood attachments can affect the way people live their lives and establish relationships as an adult. The thought of this can seem overwhelming to parents at times, however, it is important to remember that each individual is ultimately responsible for their life choices.
WC: 531
Works Cited
Dagli, F., & Karakas, N. (2019, July 11). The Importance of Attachment in Infant and Influencing Factors. Retrieved from National Library of Medicine: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6666355/
Lewis, R. (2020 , September 25). Types of Attachment Styles and What They Mean. Retrieved from Healthline: https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/types-of-attachment
Robinson, L., Saisan, J., Smith, M., & Segal, J. (2022, August 26). Building a Secure Attachment Bond with Your Baby. Retrieved from Help Guide: https://www.helpguide.org/articles/parenting-family/building-a-secure-attachment-bond-with-your-baby.htm
Post Two:
Roberta Corbella
Attachment is established early on in human development. Attachment can be said to begin as soon as gestation. Through gestation, a mother and child begin to develop a bond. From day one, a mother may begin to acknowledge the presence of the growing embryo through fetal development by physiological and cognitive changes. On the contrary, this attachment may be absent. If a mother is unaware of development or denies acknowledging the presence of a pregnancy, these emotions to attachment may be mute. This does not deem the child absent of attachment.
Evolutionary psychology states a theory in which all humans adapt to the specific environment (Cavanaugh & Kail, 2023). Once brought into the world, the child will develop attachment with its primary caregiver. This attachment will develop through a series of events early in the infant’s existence. Preattachment begins at birth and is seen up to 8 weeks old. This is the first event in which the young person becomes familiar with smell and sound (Cavanaugh & Kail, 2023). The familiarity begins the attachment stages. From here on, the attachment strengthens across three additional, chronological stages. The following stages are attachment in the making, true attachment, and reciprocal attachment. The development of attachment is reassured by actions that evoke a response from either the child or the caregiver through all stages. This brings hope to a child, or as Erikson perceives as a balance between basic trust and mistrust. The first of the psychosocial development stages. (Cavanaugh & Kail, 2023).
Attachment styles are various and may be dependent on specific experiences through early psychosocial development. For example, if an infant initially became conditioned to cry when hungry to receive a bottle, this child will continue to cry when they are hungry to initiate the exact reaction. Then if suddenly, no longer is given this reciprocation to cries, the infant becomes confused and will almost certainly develop psychosocial challenges down the line. The found styles of attachment are secure attachment, avoidant attachment, resistant attachment, and disorganized attachment (Cavanaugh & Kail, 2023).
Finally, the styles of attachment mentioned are precursors to emotional development. The initially obtained attachment style will set the foundation of the infant’s emotional development. They will develop a more profound sense of trust through psychosocial behaviors with an initial secure attachment. Secure attachments have been proven to develop children to interact in social scenarios confidently. I recently have recognized certain patters and consequences throughout my adulthood that are undoubtedly interlocked with attachment styles in childhood.
WC: 415
Reference:
Kail, Robert V., and John C. Cavanaugh. Human Development: A Life-Span View. Cengage, 2023.
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