Using the feedback you received from your instructor and colleagues over the last few weeks, you will now revise your rough draft into your final research paper. As you revise, feel free to continue to expand your paper by adding additional supporting evidence and analysis where you see a need. Have you incorporated the information related to technology, corrections, and any theories or policies related to the issue you are researching? Your final draft must be no less than 4 pages, not including the reference page. It must be longer and more refined than your Unit 3 Individual Project. This paper must follow APA style format, and include in-text citations and a reference page. Be sure to proofread your final paper and run the spell and grammar checkers before submitting.
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Running Head: UNIT 3 CAPSTONE IP
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UNIT 3 CAPSTONE IP
Andres Quiles Deya
CRJS 499
UNIT 3 CAPSTONE IP
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Policies, Technologies, and databases that may help to bring those accused of Crimes to
Justice and bringing change to the legal landscape in the United States
Technology has become a transforming agent in the criminal justice system. For example,
the public and private endeavor, the work of police agencies, court systems, correctional
institutions, and other institutions that constitute to the technological change. Government
agencies have already begun embracing the promise of technological change in the criminal
justice system and for the past decade major advances have been experienced in a powerful
criminal justice tool. These developments have changed the law requirement scene. New policies
have also been adopted to determine which wrongful behaviors require sanctions under criminal
law and ensure that the rights of suspected and accused persons and victims are protected. Laws,
policies, and technology designs have structured people’s relationships with the social
institutions and this has led to individual privacy now facing new threats and new opportunities.
Shifts in the economic, technical, and policy domains have been experienced that has seen a new
landscape being formed that is more variegated. These shifts have facilitated personal identity
and protection, data protection laws, and rapid globalization of policy process.
According to the U.S Department of Justice, DNA has been a data base that can be used
to identify criminals with incredible accuracy when biological evidence exists. For example, it
can used to clear suspects and exonerate persons mistakenly accused or convicted of crimes.
DNA technology can therefore ensure accuracy and fairness in changing the landscape of the
criminal justice system in the United States. It has enabled solve crimes, for example it can link a
suspect through DNA evidence to lest say many sexual assaults and robberies. Many accusations
of crimes cannot be rightfully brought to Justice despite the employment of large a large law
enforcement task force but through the use of the DNA technology, evidence can be provided to
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give a breakthrough in a series of crimes that may have remained unsolved. Cases can be used in
two different ways using the DNA evidence. The first is where the suspect is already identified
and his DNA can be compared to evidence from the scene of the crime. The results obtained
enable determine whether the suspect committed the crime. The second is the suspect is not
already identified and biological evidence needs to be analyzed and compared to the offender’s
profiles in DNA databases in order to identify the actual perpetrator. Databases enable link the
evidences of the crime scenes and countries like the United States needs to have a wellestablished Forensic DNA database (Cole & Dejong, 2016). These databases have presented
hopes for identifying perpetrators especially in domestic criminal cases.
DNA analysis can also include fingerprinting where a test is distinguished from
traditional skin fingerprinting. Fingerprinting has helped to acquit and convict suspects in many
of the most violent crimes, including rape and murder. Forensic science has enabled and made it
easier to use fingerprint analysis technologies for crime investigation and bringing those accused
of crimes to justice. Fingerprinting is a very easy method as it only involves acquiring
fingerprints from a crime scene and comparing it with that of the suspect and this is mainly
because fingerprints are always present in the epidermal ridges due to the natural secretions of
sweat from the eccrine glands, and this is usually made possible by the adoption of forensic
science. In order to make fingerprinting an effective crime investigation policy, the Legal
landscape in the United States should therefore ensure that they have a scientific, technical, and
specialized team that that has knowledge to assist the Trier of fact to understand the evidence or
to determine a fact in issue (McGuire, 2012). This is because evidence should be based on
sufficient facts or data. The United States can use Fingerprinting especially to deal with cases of
terrorism in the country. With the patterned residue of natural skin secretions or other
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contaminated materials such as blood or dirt that was present on the fingertips at the time of
contact with any objects at the crime scene. Fingerprints can be used to identify terrorists
especially if their fingerprints match those of visitors to the United States.
With the use of Fingerprinting and DNA databases, technology has been seen to affect
the investigation of crime and the legal landscape of the United States. Computer technology has
made it easy during crime analysis and crime mapping and has permitted the law enforcement
officials in the United States to gather, store, and analyze data (Cole). Despite the advantage of
the development in technology accuracy on the information stored should be observed and also
the methods that also permits information to be accessed efficiently by the criminology
department of investigation. DNA profiling being a powerful forensic tool can therefore be used
to quickly eliminate a suspect and save time that could have been used in looking for
perpetrators. Its evidence can be so much compelling and guaranteed of conviction support with
a reduction in the chances of wrongful conviction (Ismaili, 2010). The testing labs should
therefore be equipped with the entire DNA testing technological equipment as the DNA profiling
has become an important tool in the criminal justice being facilitated by the use of science for the
investigation of crimes.
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References
Cole, G. F., Smith, C. E., & DeJong, C. (2016). Criminal justice in America. Boston, MA:
Cengage Learning.
Ismaili, K. (2010). U.S. criminal justice policy: a contemporary reader. Burlington, MA: Jones
& Bartlett Learning.
McGuire, M. (2012). Technology, crime, and justice: the question concerning technomia. New
York, NY: Routledge.
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