submit three or more questions that integrate observations derived from the weeks reading. Students will frame their questions around the assigned readings. The questions will typically be 2 pages in length. The discussion questions will always focus on the major study being considered each week, as well as additional readings. Please refer in your essays to the major longitudinal study of the week. Please try to define terms. For example, instead of using the term trauma, specify what particular traumatic events to which you are referring. Research has to define events in order to study them. Instead of using the term stress, specify whether you are referring to stressful events (list the event to which you are referring; see above) or to psychological stress responses (depressive or anxious symptoms, etc.), or to physiological responses (increased cortisol, heart rate, amygdala activity). When talking about intergenerational processes, please be specific (for example, intergenerational transmission of economic, human, social or cultural capital, parenting behaviors such as warmth, harshness, reading, genetic hereditability). When talking about genetics, please remember that DNA is fixed. Changes occur in the epigenome not the genome. o Please remember that experiments and studies are different. Please remember that stability refers to within individual analyses over time (not cross sectional mean differences). Please remember that each longitudinal study is cohort and context specific. It is not necessarily a criticism of any particular study, although it is a fact to be acknowledged. Please remember that if a study is completed in 2000: A 60-year follow-up means that the participants were born in 1940 A 40-year follow-up means that participants were born in 1960 And so on. Which means that long term studies cannot be representative of the demographics of a birth cohort from 2022. Please remember that even if a study was completed in 2000, there is a lag time in writing up and publishing the findings. Please remember that long term studies often use measures that were cutting edge at the time the study was initiated, but might not be today. Please try to focus on the research, rather than general opinions or beliefs. If you say, we know that parents make a huge difference in childrens lives, I would ask questions like: how do we know, what behaviors, what ages, what outcomes?