Solved by a verified expert:Unit 1 Virtual Lab 1: Virtual Microscopy
Points: 30p
Name: Buckhamjack, Andrea,S
Purpose (3p)
The purpose of this lab is to use the
microscope provided to analyze thediffernet size of the different cells and
organisms.
Lab Summary (5p)
Some Cells are visible to the unaided eye,
however smaller cells are easily visible under a light microscope. Different
cells use various organelles to get around but others does not need it.
Lab Answers (10p)
A. Estimate the size of:
1. An E. Coli cell. _1.8um_______________
2 A
mitochondrion. __3.2um_____________
3. A Red Blood cell. ____8um_________
4.
A hepatitus virus. ________.045um_______
5.
A water molecule. _______.275um________
B. Observe the various Cell types and learn to distinguish between Bacterial
cells,Plant cells (1,2),
and Animal cells (1,2,3)
• 1. Observe and describe three differences between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic
cell does not have a nucleus and their cell shape is usually unicellular. They do not have a true membrane bound
nucleus and they have loop DNA. Differences in cellular structure of
prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and
chloroplasts and cell wall. Prokaryotic is larger in size.
• 2. Observe and describe three differences and three similarities
between plant and animal cells.
Plant
cell and Animal cell have a cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria and a nucleus. However
the differences are: The plant cell has a cell wall and Vacuoles and the animal
cell does not. The animal cell is round and the plant cell is rectangular. Plant
cell cannot change its shape, however animal cell can often change its shape.
C. Form a hypothesis
1. Hypothesize about how you might be able to sort a mixed population of cells
into prokaryotes
From
doing this online lab and doing research on different cells. The way to sort
the two cells is by there size because Prokaryotes are larger. Even by the
large amount of organelles of the eukaryotes that can be seen under a
microscope and by its nucleus.
2.
Hypothesize about a means to separate out plant cells from a mixed population
of eukaryotic cells. Plant cells have a Vacuole, which regulates water and stores nutrients.
Discussion and Conclusions (12p)
My Observation includes several different types of cells and
bacteria such as Mitochondria and E.coli.One of the most important equipment in
science experiments are microscope. They are very powerfulin being able to identify different items, bacteria, and
single cells/atoms.This could be used to differentiate between eukaryotic and
prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells have mitochondria. This is exciting
because it shows that there is so much operating beyond the scope of human
perception.
Unit 1 Virtual Lab 2: Cellular Processes
Points: 30p
Name: Buckhamjack, Andrea, S
Purpose (3p)
The purpose if this lab is to examine the
different time frame of bacterial growth, cellular reproduction and cellular
metabolism and the effects that they have.
Lab Summary (5p)
Cell division and cellular reproduction are very important.
Mitosis and Meiosis are apart of cell division, for sexual reproduction, growth
and species evolvement. They all have
different roles to play.
Lab Answers (10p)
A.
Bacterial
Growth.
1. Estimate
how long it takes for this population of bacteria to double. Hint- this
population doubles multiple times during the duration of this recording.
In
the first cell frame there was two cells when I moved up the time to
approximately 20 minutes it appeared to have doubled. From what I have seenon this I would say
anywhere from 20-25 minutes.
B.Cellular reproduction
1. Estimate the percentage of time that a constantly developing cell spends in
interphase.
In
the link it says anywhere between 12-24 hours so I would say approximately
85-90 % of the cycle.
2. In a random selection of 100 such cells, estimate the number that would be
undergoing mitosis at any given time.
If
the cells spend 85-90 % of the time in interphase then I would conclude that 8-10
% went through mitosis at any time so anywhere between 8-10.
3. Please
fill out the following table regarding mitosis, meiosis, and binary fission.
Cell
division type
Cells
that divide this way
Final
result in # of cells and type
Purpose
of this kind of cell division.
Mitosis
Somatic
Cell
2
Diploid daughter cell
Replicate
Meiosis
Gamates
4
daughter cell
Sexual
reproduction
Binary
fission
Prokaryotic
Cell
2
daughter cell
Replication
C.Cellular metabolism
1. In a paragraph or two compare and contrast photosynthesis and
cellular respiration. Be sure to address:
Inputs and outputs
Anabolic or catabolic nature
Which organisms use it
Cellular localization
Answer- From my knowledge photosynthesis and
cellular respiration contain metabolic pathways. Bothuse an electron transport
system to produce different molecules. In cellular respiration usually occurs
at night both in animal and plants and releases carbon dioxide. Also occurs in
Mitochondria.The two correlates with each other, one cannot operate without the
other. Prime example when cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide and
photosynthesis uses it as raw material.
2. Describe the ecological
relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. 3. Hypothesize about what might happen if a
large number of producers were suddenly removed from the biosphere. Where might
carbon accumulate if the ratio of number of producers to consumers was markedly
reduced?
Answer- If producers were taken
away from the biosphere then there would be a large amount of carbon dioxide
circulating in the atmosphere.
Discussion and Conclusions (12p)
My Observation different characteristics of cells don’t
matter because they all correlate with each other. One depends on the other for
daily operations.Unit 1 Virtual Lab 3: GeneticsPoints: 30pName:Purpose (3p)Lab Summary (5p)Lab Answers (10p) A Phenotype and Genotype of
Dragons. You do not have to be able to access the Dragon website to answer
these questions. 1.
Define genotype and phenotype and give an example (example: If R is the allele
for red flower color, and r the allele for white flower color, “red flower”
would be the phenotype, and the genotype could be RR or Rr)2.
What is an allele?B. Drosophila Lab. Enter as a
guest. Buy and then breed a pair of flies. To keep it simple, 1) have one of
the flies be “wild type” e.g. not mutated, 2) use only one mutated
characteristic (there are plenty of mutations to choose from, but be sure that
in all others they are wildtype). 1.Describe
and explain the characteristic of the first generation (F1) of flies. Is your
chosen characteristic dominant or recessive?2. Assume the mutated fly’s genotype (regarding
that trait) to be bb and the wild
type fly’s genotype to be WW and fill
in the following Punnet square. Are your breeding results consistent with what
you expect from this assumption and the logic of the Punnet square?
3.
Breed two of these F1 flies. To do this select a male and a female from the
results of your first cross and put them in the breeding jar. Describe and
explain the characteristics of the second-generation (F2)
flies. 4.
Use a Punnet square to predict the ratios of a cross between two Wb individuals. Is this consistent with
your experimental observations?
C.
Genetic Disorders Library. Describe the three main classes of genetic disorders
and give an example of each.Discussion and Conclusions (12p)Unit 1 Virtual Lab 4: ElectrophoresisPoints: 30pName:Purpose (3p)Lab Summary (5p)Lab Answers (10p) A. Electrophoresis. Learn about electrophoresis by reading the information on the website
and clicking “Forward” to proceed through the activity.1.
On what
basis is electrophoresis able to separate molecules?2.
List the
5 Steps in running a Gel Electrophoresis experiment.3.
Under
Step 5: Stain the gel and analyze results, what are the 3 size estimates in
your DNA sample?4.
Read
the Can DNA Demand A Verdict? Section and list 3 things you learned
from this article.
B. Human Blood Types and Immune SystemAnswer the following questions:
Write down
your blood type (if you do not know it, make one up) with both ABO and Rh
groups.
Which blood
groups can you donate blood to?
From which
blood groups can you receive blood?
A woman with A
blood group and a man with an AB blood group have a child with O blood
group. Is the man the real father? Why or why not?
Discussion and Conclusions (12p)
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