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Biology 102/103
Lab
7: Ecological Interactions
INSTRUCTIONS:
·
On
your own and without assistance, complete thisLab 7Answer Sheet electronically
and submit it via theAssignments Folder by the date
listed in theCourse
Schedule (underSyllabus).
·
Answer
ALL questions in your own words. If a direct
quote is needed, put the words in quotation marks and cite the source.
·
To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the
Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the
directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the
exercises/experiments and answering the questions.
·
Save your Lab 7Answer Sheet in the following format: LastName_Lab7 (e.g., Smith_Lab7).
·
You
should submit your document as a Word (.doc or .docx) file to the assignment
folder for best compatibility.
·
Post a
copy of the lab in Turnitin.com. There
will be a 10 point deduction if this is not done.
·
If a
photo is missing, there is a 10 point deduction.
Include photos of the lab. Each
photo must include a piece of paper with the student’s name and the date the
photo was taken.
Each question
and table is worth 10 points.
Stage/Day
Observations
Acetic Acid
Sodium Bicarbonate
Water
Initial pH
4
8
7
1
0-10 no change
4-10 sprout
6-10 sprout
2
1-10 sprout
4-10 no growth
8-10 small growth sprout
3
2-10 sprout no
growth
4-10 no growth
8-10 small growth
4
2-10 no growth
4-10 little growth
8-10 no change
5
1-10 one sprout
dead
4-10 2 have little
growth
8-10 growth
6
1-10 no change
3-10 1 has growth
8-10 growth
7
0-10 all dead
2-10 1 has .3 cm
growth
8-10 growth ranging from .1 to .
6 cm growth
Pre-Lab Questions
1. Would you expect endangered species to
be more frequently generalists or specialists? Explain your answer. A panda is an
example of an endangered species that is a specialist and a raccoon is an
example of species that is not endangered that is a generalist. Please provide other examples of each to support your answer.
2. How does temperature affect water
availability in an ecosystem?
3. Choose a species and describe at least
2 adaptations the species developed that allow that species to survive in their
native habitat.
a. Adaptation 1
b. Adaptation 2
Experiment 1: Effects of pH on Radish Seed Germination
Data
Tables and Post-Lab Assessment
Table 1: pH and Radish Seed Germination
Edit table headings– pH ___ and Acid, Base or Neutral, For
example – pH 7 Neutral
“Observation” – What do the seeds look like? Any changes in color? size?
texture? Anything else of note?
“# Seeds Germinated” – How many seeds have sprouted?
“% Seeds Germinated” – What is the percentage of the number of seeds that have
sprouted?
-For example – If there were 10 seeds used and 2 have sprouted,
then 20% of the seeds have sprouted.
Stage/Day Observations
Acetic Acid
(Vinegar)
pH ___ (Acid,
Base or Neutral)
Sodium Bicarbonate
(Baking Soda)
pH __ (Acid,
Base or Neutral)
Water
pH __ (Acid,
Base or Neutral)
Observation
#
Seeds Germinated
%
Seeds Germinated
Observation
#
Seeds Germinated
%
Seeds Germinated
Observation
#
Seeds Germinated
%
Seeds Germinated
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Take a picture of your results. Include a note with your name and date on a
piece of paper and include it in the picture.
Insert picture here:
Post-Lab Questions
1. Construct
a line graph based on the data from Table 1 in the space below. Place the day
on the x axis, and the number of seeds germinated on the y axis. Be sure to
include a title, label the x and y axes, and provide a legend describing which
line corresponds to each plate (e.g., blue = acetic acid, green = sodium bicarbonate,
etc…).
2. What
are the controls and variables in this experiment?
a. Control
Group –
b. 3 or
more Controlled Variables/Constants –
c. Independent/Experimental
Variable –
d. Dependent
Variable –
3. Was
there any noticeable effect on the germination rate of the radish seeds as a
result of the pH? Compare and contrast the growth rate for the control with the
alkaline and acidic solutions. Discuss
what was observed in each situation.
4. According
to your results would you say that the radish has a broad pH tolerance? Why or
why not? Use your data to support your answer.
5. Research
acid rain.
a. Describe what acid rain is.
b. What are the main causes of acid
rain?
c. Where is it a problem?
d. What are the consequences of acid
rain?
e. Describe at least 2 ways to reduce
acid rain?
f. Cite the source used to help answer
the question.
6. Knowing
that acid rain has a pH of 2 – 3 would you conclude that crop species with a
narrow soil pH range are in trouble? Explain why, or why not, using scientific
reasoning. Is acid rain a problem for plant species and crops?
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