Solved by a verified expert:1. A testable explanation of a broad range of related phenomena that is relied upon by scientists with a high degree of confidence is referred to as ________. (Points : 5) an acta lawa theorya dogma
2. The smaller unit molecules (monomers) which combine to form proteins and polypeptides are called ____________. (Points : 5) fatty acidsmonosaccharidesamino acidsnucleotides
3. Enzymes, some hormones, and structural molecules like keratin and collagen are examples of ______________. (Points : 5) nucleic acidscarbohydrateslipidsproteins
4. An atom that has gained or lost electrons is referred to as _______________. (Points : 5) an iona moleculean isotopean element
5. Cell membranes consist of _____________. (Points : 5) a complex carbohydrate webbinga flexible sheet of proteina network of microfilaments and microtubulesa double layer of phospholipids
6. Which of the following transport mechanisms requires ATP to move materials across a plasma membrane? (Points : 5) simple diffusionfacilitated diffusionosmosisactive transport
7. A cell is placed in a solution. If the cell is observed to shrink, the solution must be _________________ relative to the interior of the cell. (Points : 5) hypertonichypotonicisotonictoxic
8. Consider the following two statements: (1) ” Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed in form.”(2) “If energy changes form, the change is never 100% efficient.”(Points : 5) These statements are expressions of the 1st and 2nd energy laws.These statements don’t apply to any cells.These statements are both false.These statements apply only to eukaryotic (higher) cells.
9. The part of an enzyme that “fits” its substrate is called its __________ site. (Points : 5) repressorpromoteractiveoperator
10. In higher cells, cellular (aerobic) respiration with production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is carried out in the _______________. (Points : 5) mitochondrionnucleusplasma membraneendoplasmic reticulum
11. Meiosis differs from mitosis because _______________. (Points : 5) meiosis results in diploid daughter cellsmeiosis involves two cell divisionsDNA replicates before the start of meiosismeiosis occurs all over the human body
12. Leaves are green because ____________. (Points : 5) carotenoids absorb green lightcarotenoids reflect green lightchlorophylls a and b absorb green lightchlorophylls a and b reflect green light
13. Many human traits such as eye color and height are controlled by _______________. (Points : 5) sex-linked inheritanceMendel’s lawspolygenic inheritanceincomplete dominance
14. ______________ is a nucleic acid base found in ribonucleic acid (RNA) but not in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (Points : 5) Thymine (T)Guanine (G)Cytosine (C)Uracil (U)
15. Which of the following is not a possible outcome of recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) technology? (Points : 5) mass production of human hormones by bacteriaestimating the age of a rock sampleincreasing the production of hardier cropscorrecting a human disease
16. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method of ________________. (Points : 5) mass-producing proteinsspeeding up the production of mRNA proteinsmaking multiple identical copies of small amounts of DNAdecoding the nucleotide sequence of a gene
17. Which of the following is most likely to cause a cell to become cancerous? (Points : 5) mutation of a tumor supressor genepremature apoptosiscytokinesiscontact inhibition
18. The normal complement of sex chromosomes for a human male is ___________. (Points : 5) YYXYXXXXY
19. An allele is ____________. (Points : 5) an alternate form of a genea gene found on different chromosomes (e.g., on chromosome numbers 1 and 5)a gene located at two different positions on the same chromosomea sex cell
20. A visual display of metaphase chromosomes arranged by size, shape, and banding pattern is ______. (Points : 5) a genetic disordera centrosomea karyotypeamniocentesis
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