Solved by a verified expert:Case Scenario.
A. The American Cancer
Society (ACS) is a nationwide, community-based, voluntary health organization
dedicated to eliminating cancer as a major health problem. Together with its
supporters, ACS is committed to helping people stay well and get well by
finding cures and by fighting back.
Critical Thinking
Questions:
1. Imagine that a family
friend or colleague has just been diagnosed with cancer. Explain how the
American Cancer Society might provide education and support. What ACS services
would you recommend and why?
2. According to
statistics published by the American Cancer Society, there will be an estimated
1.5 million new cancer cases diagnosed each year over the next decade. What
factors contribute to the yearly incidence and mortality rates of various
cancers in Americans? What changes in policy and practice are most likely to
affect these figures over time
3. Select a research
program from among those funded by the American Cancer Society. Describe the
program and discuss what impact the research will have on the prevention or
treatment of cancer.
Discussion Topic
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B. Use the following Case Scenario, Subjective Data, and
Objective Data to answer the Critical Thinking Questions.
Case Scenario
Mrs. J. is a 63-year-old woman who has a history of
hypertension, chronic heart failure, and sleep apnea. She has been smoking two
packs of cigarettes a day for 40 years and has refused to quit. Three days ago,
she had an onset of flu with fever, pharyngitis, and malaise. She has not taken
her antihypertensive medications or her medications to control her heart
failure for 4 days. Today, she has been admitted to the hospital ICU with acute
decompensated heart failure.
Subjective Data
Is very
anxious and asks whether she is going to die.
Denies
pain but says she feels like she cannot get enough air.
Says her
heart feels like it is “running away.”
Reports
that she is so exhausted she cannot eat or drink by herself.
Objective Data
Height
175 cm; Weight 95.5 kg
Vital
signs: T 37.6 C, HR 118 and irregular, RR 34, BP 90/58
Cardiovascular:
Distant S1, S2, S3, S4 present; PMI at sixth ICS and faint; all peripheral
pulses are 1+; bilateral jugular vein distention; initial cardiac
monitoring indicates a ventricular rate of 132 and atrial fibrillation
Respiratory:
Pulmonary crackles; decreased breath sounds right lower lobe; coughing
frothy blood-tinged sputum; SpO2 82%
Gastrointestinal:
BS present: hepatomegaly 4 cm below costal margin
Critical Thinking Questions
What nursing interventions are appropriate for Mrs. J. at the
time of her admission? Drug therapy is started for Mrs. J. to control her
symptoms. What is the rationale for the administration of each of the following
medications?
IV
furosemide (Lasix)
Enalapril
(Vasotec)
Metoprolol
(Lopressor)
IV
morphine sulphate (Morphine)
Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart
failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to
prevent the development of heart failure in each condition.
Taking into consideration the fact that most mature adults take
at least six prescription medications, discuss four nursing interventions that
can help prevent problems caused by multiple drug interactions in older
patients. Provide rationale for each of the interventions you recommend.
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