Solved by a verified expert:ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTCell Structure and Function: CellTypes andTransportMargaret Vorndam, M.S. Version 42-003700-01LAB REPORT ASSISTANTThis document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The LabReport Assistant is simply a summary of the experiments questions, diagrams ifneeded, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is tofacilitate students writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable filewhich can be sent to an instructor.OBSERVATIONSData Table 1: CellEukaryotic Cell StructureStructuresProkaryote Cell StructureOrganism name:Organism name:m118©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentFlagellaCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTCell wallPseudopodiaCell membraneCapsule or slime layerNucleusCytoplasmNucleoid Plasma membraneContractile vacuoleCytoplasm Ribosome Thylakoidvacuole EndosporeFoodEndosporewww.L abPaq.co118©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTData Table 2: Diffusion Rate ComparisonMediumBeginningTime, ToLength of Timein hoursEnd Time, T1= T1 ToMovementof colorin mmSemisolid(Gelatin)Liquid (Water)m120©Hands-On Labs,Rate ofDiffusionIn mm/hour ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTData Table 3: Diffusion through a Differentially PermeableMembrane of ExerciseAt Beginning.. At End of Exercise ..What are itsContents?What ititsinitialWhatis itsfinalDialysisTubingBenedictsTest ColorNABeaker Waterm121©Hands-On Labs,What are itsfinalcontents? ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTExercise 1: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Differences in Cell Structure and FunctionRESULTS1. What differences are observed between the two cells that were drawn?2. List the specific cell part that each cell type possesses to:ProkaryoteEscape from hazardousconditions?Regulate water content?Store food?Reproduce?m122©Hands-On Labs,Eukaryote ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTQUESTIONSA. With which cell type, prokaryote or eukaryote, are you mostfamiliar?B.Which cell type would be most successful in extremeenvironments? Why?C. Because the Prokaryote bacteria are generally 3 µm or less in length they may notexhibit specific structures under a compound light microscope. What type of microscopewould be a better choice for viewing bacteria?D. Research amoebas online and give a few examples including where they are foundand what energy source they use.E. Discuss whether cyanobacteria and amoebas are beneficial or detrimental tohumans and to the environment in general.Exercise 2:Animal CellStructureFunctionEukaryotesPlantandRESULTS1. What differences are observed between the two cells that weredrawn?m123©Hands-On Labs,and ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORT2. List the cell part that each cell type possesses to:PlantAnimalRegulatewatercontent?Produce energy topower cellfunction?Store food?Reproduce?QUESTIONSA. With which cell type, plant or animal, are you most familiar?B. Which cell type would be most successful in extreme environments? Why?m124©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTC. Outline the general differences between plant and animal cells in Table 1. Thenoutline the similarities.Table 1: Comparison of Structure and Function: Animal and Plant CellsAnimalCellsDifferences:PlantCellsSimilarities:m125©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTExercise3:TransportofMaterialsthrough CellMembranes An Example of PassiveTransportQUESTIONSA. Which medium exhibited the fastest rate ofdiffusion?B. What might be reasons to explain the differences in the rate ofdiffusion?C. Graph the two sets of results from Table 2 on the same graph using a computerspreadsheet program and include this graph in your report. Why is simultaneousgraphing of the results useful here? What type of graph would best demonstrate rates ofdiffusion in gelatin versus liquid? Hint: The graph should show a continuity from To to T1for both mediums.DISCUSSIONA. Were your two hypotheses supported orrefuted?m126©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTB. How might the rate of diffusion be increased? Decreased?C. How might this be tested?D. Why is this exercise be an example of passive transport?E. Why must the spread of the coloring in the gelatin be monitored? For example, whycant it just be left for 10 hours before the measurement is taken?m127©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTF. What would be a graphic method to detect when the rate of diffusion in the gelatinwas at maximum and was beginning to slow?G. Construct a table that compares your results to the average of your classmatesresults, if available. Indicate how many classmates results are represented in theaverage (N=?). Include it in your report. Are results similar? If not, what might explain thedifferences in outcomes?Exercise4:TransportofMaterialsthrough CellMembranes An Example of ActiveTransportQUESTIONSA.Whatsubstances?arethetestB. Why did a color change occur in the jar water? What does the color changeindicate?C. Why did a color change occur in the dialysis bag? What does the color changeindicate?D. What does the Benedicts reagent test detect? What does the test of the jar waterindicate? E. What DID NOT diffuse across the dialysis bag membrane? Why?m128©Hands-On Labs, ExperimentCELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: CELL TYPES ANDTRANSPORTDISCUSSIONA. Was your hypothesis supported or refuted?B. How might the dialysis membrane tubing be similar to a plasma membrane?C. What type of transport mechanism does this exercise simulate?D. What can be concluded from this exercise?LABO RATORY SUMMARYWhat have you learned from doing this laboratory?m129©Hands-On Labs,
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