Solved by a verified expert:Bio 365S Homework 3 Names
Due Fri 22 April 16
We have not previously worked
together on a Bio 365S homework. (5 pts extra credit) Hand write answers.
A. CO Poisoning and 2o Drowning Last summer, a 15 year old named Sarah disappeared
while boating with friends on Lake Travis.
She was last seen alive holding on to the back end of an idling
boat. When found, her blood contained
elevated levels of carbon monoxide (CO), and her lungs were filled with interstitial
fluid, a condition known as secondary drowning
1. How can
exposure to fumes from a motor cause CO poisoning? (you may need to do online research) (2 pts)
2. Which is NOT
a symptom of CO poisoning? Circle all
that are not symptoms. Do research, if
necessary!
a. headache b.
nausea c. vomiting (1/2
pt each,3 pts)
d. hyperventilation e. dizziness f. cherry-red blood
3. Briefly
explain your answer to “Which is NOT a symptom…” (2 pts)
4. How can a
small increase in CO in the atmosphere have such a potentially deadly
effect? Use bullet points to explain. (6 pts)
5. a. List 2 ways CO poisoning is SIMILAR to
anemia. (4
pts)
b. List 2 ways CO poisoning DIFFERS from anemia.
6. This figure is similar to the dissociation
curve, and shows blood oxygen content curves under 3 conditions: normal conditions, with CO poisoning (HbCO;
carboxyhemoglobin) and in anemia.
a. Based on the graph, how does amount of
oxygen bound at lungs compare between HbCO and reduced Hb (anemia)? Write >, <, or = in blank. (4 pts)
HbCO anemia
b. At a PO2 = 40 mm Hg, is it
preferable to be anemic or have sublethal carbon monoxide poisoning? Circle one:
(4 pts) Anemic sublethal CO
Explain, based
on the graph. (2 pts)
7. a. Use
the HbO2 data posted online to fill in the blanks in order to
determine O2 content of blood for a normal person versus an
anemic. (6 pts)
Normal
Anemic
Plasma PO2
100 mm Hg (torr)
100 mm Hg
Hb content
15 g/dL
10 g/dL
Dissolved O2
content (mL/dL)
O2
bound to Hb (mL/dL)
Total O2
content (mL/dL)
b. Based on the normal data above, if an individual
has 50% carboxyhemoglobin, what is his total oxygen content in mL/dL
blood? (2 pts)
8. Draw a graph
on the axes to show how Hb content affects % saturation. Hint:
use one of the data sets posted online.
(6
pts)
9. Secondary
drowning can occur when water is aspirated.
This water irritates lung tissue causing water to exude into the alveoli
from the interstitial fluid. Alveolar
edema is the hallmark of ,
which is a
disorder.
This condition decreases and increases
,
by overwhelming and increasing in the lungs.
What happens to lung volumes as a result?
What
other major aspect of “successful respiration” is directly impacted, and
how? (8 pts)
B. Compare/Contrast Other Respiratory pathologies Match the disorder to the description by
placing the correct letter in the blank.
Each blank may have more than one answer; each letter may be used
multiple times. Write none if none fit. A = Asthma P = pneumothorax F = fibrosis N= NRDS E= Emphysema (20
pts)
Plasma PO2 & PCO2
are normal TPP = zero mm Hg
IPP often > IB pressure best treated with muscarinic agonist
High inspiratory capacity low FEV1/%FVC
Obstructive disorder low surfactant
High elastic recoil hemoglobin reduced
C. The Ice Man Wim Hof is a 57 year old, 180
lb Dutch man who is nicknamed “The Ice Man” due to his ability to endure
extreme cold. Wim Hof can also endure
extreme heat and dryness, and he can hold his breath for over six minutes. One of Wim Hof’s most notorious feats is
climbing to 22,000 ft on Everest (short of the peak) without supplemental
oxygen, wearing only shorts and shoes.
1. Do some
research, and find the Patm at 22,000 ft. mm Hg What
is the partial pressure of oxygen at this atmospheric pressure? Estimate his alveolar & plasma PO2
while at 22,000 ft. Alveolar Plasma Estimate his % saturation at
this PO2. (5
pts)
2. What is the total blood oxygen of a mountain
climber whose hemoglobin is 16 g/dL but arterial PO2 is 20 mm Hg?
Note that hemoglobin binds 1.34 ml O2 per g Hb when Hb is 100%
saturated, and that he has 5 L blood.You will also need the posted HbO2
data to help you answer. (5 pts)
3. While most climbers have to spend a week or
so at base camp before ascending, Wim Hof does not. However, he has basically spent most of his
adult life in preparation for such extreme climates by repeatedly submerging
himself in ice and by exposing himself to hypobaric conditions. His
preparations have been effective because hypoxia . . . circle all correct! (5 pts)
a. causes more
oxygen to be released to the tissues d. upregulates production of myoglobin
b. stimulates
increased EPO production and thus increased Hb e. increases dissolved O2 in blood
c. causes
increased hematocrit via increased plasma production
4. What is the
effect of cold upon oxygen released to tissues?
Circle one: increase decrease no change
Briefly explain.
(4 pts)
Note: According to actual data collected, Wim Hof
can maintain normal core temperature and heart rate, despite a surface body
temperature of 4oC! He does
this by “controlling his autonomic nervous system.”
5. One of Wim Hof’s techniques is to practice
breath control. For starters, he
forcibly hyperventilates, such that his breathing rate increases from 15 to 30
breaths per minute, and his tidal volume increases from 900 to 3 L. (4 pts)
a. What is his normal resting alveolar ventilation rate? Show work.
Answer:
b. His alveolar ventilation when
hyperventilating is times
greater than his normal alv ventilation.
(2
pts)
6. When Wim
Hof forcibly hyperventilates, what is the:
(6 pts)
Specific
I.C. Efferent
Effector(s)
specific for expiration:
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