Solved by a verified expert:Question Points
1. Important
metabolic functions of sodium include fluid balance, acid-base balance, and:
a. neuromuscular
activity.
b. release of
glycogen.
c. regulation of
enzyme production.
d. control of body
temperature.
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2. Pernicious
anemia and neurologic degeneration are associated with deficiency of:
a. vitamin C.
b. folic acid.
c. vitamin B12.
d. pantothenic acid.
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3. To be
classified as a vitamin, a compound must meet which of the following criteria?
a. It must be an
organic dietary substance that is not energy producing, as are carbohydrate,
fat, or protein.
b. It is needed in
very small quantities to perform a particular metabolic function and prevent an
associated deficiency disease.
c. The body cannot
manufacture it, so must be supplied in food.
d. All of the
choices apply.
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4. The
action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney will result in:
a. sodium retention.
b. water excretion.
c. sodium excretion.
d. water retention.
5. Solutes
found in body fluids that influence movement of water include plasma proteins,
glucose, and:
a. electrolytes.
b. minerals.
c. vitamins.
d. calcium.
6. An
example of a meal high in vitamin A is:
a. a cheese omelet.
b. a turkey
sandwich.
c. beans and rice.
d. meatloaf and
mashed potatoes.
7. Vitamin E
protects cellular and subcellular membranes by acting as a(n):
a. anti-inflammatory
agent.
b. antioxidant.
c. hemolytic agent.
d. clotting factor.
8. The
plasma protein that exerts the greatest colloidal osmotic pressure is:
a. fibrinogen.
b. prothrombin.
c. albumin.
d. hemoglobin.
9. A
deficiency of vitamin C can cause:
a. scurvy.
b. pernicious
anemia.
c. megaloblastic
anemia.
d. beriberi.
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10. The second
most common type of malnutrition worldwide is:
a. iron-deficiency
anemia.
b. protein-energy
malnutrition.
c. osteoporosis.
d. vitamin A
deficiency.
11. Of the
following foods, the type that provides the most calcium per serving is:
a. legumes.
b. whole grains.
c. dairy products.
d. leafy vegetables.
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12. An example
of a food high in vitamin E is:
a. green salad with
dressing made with sunflower oil.
b. guacamole made
with avocado, lemon juice, and tomatoes.
c. fruit salad made
with berries and melons.
d. oatmeal with
raisins and honey.
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13. The active
hormonal form of vitamin D is synthesized by the combined action of the:
a. skin, liver, and
kidney.
b. gallbladder,
liver, and pancreas.
c. thyroid gland,
small intestine, and lymph system.
d. colonic bacteria,
kidney, and adrenal gland.
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14. Zinc is
important throughout the life cycle, but especially during:
a. pregnancy.
b. young adulthood.
c. middle adulthood.
d. older adulthood.
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15. The
vitamin that is essential to bone growth is vitamin:
a. D.
b. A.
c. E.
d. C.
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16. An
important metabolic function of niacin is to:
a. convert proteins
to glucose for energy.
b. activate amino
acids.
c. neutralize toxins
from the body.
d. remove fat from
the liver.
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17. The
fat-soluble vitamin that is responsible for synthesis of blood-clotting factors
by the liver is vitamin:
a. A.
b. D.
c. E.
d. K.
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18. All
B-complex vitamins have the function of:
a. regulating fluid
balance.
b. providing body
structure.
c. serving as
coenzymes.
d. converting
glucose into hormones.
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19. Which of
the following is not one of the several minerals present in the body?
a. Calcium
b. Phosphorus
c. Vitamin A
d. Sulfur
20. The
extracellular fluid compartment contains blood plasma, dense tissue fluid, interstitial
fluid, and:
a. metabolic water
in transit.
b. fluid within
cells.
c. secretory fluid.
d. sweat.
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