Solved by a verified expert:Cell Structure
and Function:Cell Types and
Transport
LAB REPORTASSISTANT
Thisdocumentisnotmeanttobeasubstitute foraformallaboratoryreport.TheLabReport Assistantissimplyasummaryoftheexperiment’squestions,diagramsifneeded,anddatatables
that
shouldbeaddressedinaformallabreport.
Theintentistofacilitatestudents’writing
oflab reports by providing
this informationin an editable
filewhich can be sent to an instructor.
OBSERVATIONS
Data Table 1: Cell
Structures
Prokaryote
Cell Structure
Organism
name:
EukaryoticCell Structure
Organism
name:
Flagella Cell
wall
Capsule or slime layer Nucleoid
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm Ribosome Thylakoid
Endospore
Pseudopodia Cell
membrane
Nucleus Cytoplasm
Contractilevacuole Food
vacuole Endospore
Data
Table 2: DiffusionRate
Comparison
Medium
Beginning
Time, To
End Time, T
Length of Time in hours
= T1– To
Movement ofcolor
inmm
Rate of Diffusion Inmm/ hour
Semisolid
(Gelatin)
Liquid (Water)
1
Data
Table 3: Diffusionthrough
a DifferentiallyPermeable
Membrane
At Beginning of Exercise
…..
At End of Exercise
…..
What
are its
Contents?
What it its initial Color?
What is its final Color?
Benedict’s
Test Color
What are its final contents?
Dialysis
Tubing
NA
Beaker
Water
Exercise1:Prokaryotesand
Eukaryotes-Differences in Cell Structure and Function
RESULTS
1. What
differencesare observed
between
the two cells that were drawn?
2. List
the specificcell part that each cell type possesses to:
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Escape
from hazardous conditions?
Regulate water content?
Store food?
Reproduce?
QUESTIONS
A. With
which cell type, prokaryote
or eukaryote, are
you most familiar?
B. Which cell type would be most successful in extreme
environments? Why?
C. BecausetheProkaryotebacteriaaregenerally3µmorlessinlengththeymaynotexhibit specific structuresunderacompoundlightmicroscope.Whattypeofmicroscopewouldbea
betterchoice for
viewing bacteria?
D. Researchamoebasonlineandgiveafewexamples
includingwheretheyarefoundandwhat
energy source they use.
E. Discusswhethercyanobacteriaandamoebasarebeneficial
ordetrimentaltohumansandto the environment
in general.
Exercise 2: Eukaryotes – Plant
and
Animal
Cell
Structure and
Function
RESULTS
1. What
differencesare observed
between
the two cells that were drawn?
2. List
the cell part that each cell type
possesses to:
Plant
Animal
Regulate
water
content?
Produce energy to power cell function?
Store food?
Reproduce?
QUESTIONS
A. With which cell type, plant or animal, are you most familiar?
B. Which cell type would be most successful in extreme
environments? Why?
C. OutlinethegeneraldifferencesbetweenplantandanimalcellsinTable1.Thenoutline
the similarities.
Table1: ComparisonofStructure andFunction:
AnimalandPlantCells
Animal
Cells
Plant Cells
Differences:
Similarities:
Exercise 3: Transport of Materials through
Cell
Membranes – An
Example of Passive Transport
QUESTIONS
A. Which
medium exhibited the fastest
rate of diffusion?
B. What
might be reasons to explain the differencesin the rate
of diffusion?
C. Graphthe twosets ofresults
from Table2 onthe same graphusinga computer spreadsheet programandinclude
thisgraphinyourreport.Whyissimultaneous
graphingoftheresultsuseful
here?Whattypeofgraphwouldbestdemonstrateratesofdiffusion
ingelatinversusliquid?Hint:
The graph should show a continuityfrom
To
to T1for both mediums.
DISCUSSION
A. Were
your two hypotheses supported or refuted?
B. How
might the rate of diffusionbe increased? Decreased?
C. How
might this be tested?
D. Why is this exercise
be an example of passive transport?
E. Whymustthespreadofthecoloringinthegelatinbemonitored?Forexample,whycan’tit just
be leftfor 10 hours before
the measurement is taken?
F. Whatwouldbeagraphicmethodtodetectwhentherateofdiffusioninthegelatinwasat maximum
and was beginning to slow?
G. Constructatablethatcomparesyourresultstotheaverageofyourclassmates’results,if available.
Indicate how many classmates’ results
are represented
in the average (N=?). Include it in your report.
Are results similar? If not, what
might explain the differences
in outcomes?
Exercise 4: Transport of Materials through
Cell
Membranes – An
Example of ActiveTransport
QUESTIONS
A. What are
the test substances?
B. Why
did a color change occur in the jar water? What
does the color change indicate?
C. Why
did a color change occur in the dialysis bag? What does the
color change indicate?
D. What
does the Benedict’s reagent
test
detect?
What does the test of the jar water indicate? E.
What
DID NOT diffuseacross
the dialysis bag membrane? Why?
DISCUSSION
A. Was your hypothesis supported or refuted?
B. How
might the dialysis membrane tubing
be similar to a plasma membrane?
C. What
type of transport mechanism does
this exercise simulate?
D. What can be concluded from this exercise?
LABORATORYSUMMARY
What have you
learned from doing this laboratory?
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