QUESTION in info

  

IscrowdsourcingasusedbyAOLaformofoutsourcing?Whyorwhynot? this question in the book which I attach in the attachment (number 1) p 286 pleas use also other resources((((( please make sure to make the answer lass than one page pleas with high quality
sis_book.pdf

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Page 1
TH EDITION
Managing and Using
Information Systems
A Strategic Approach
KERI E. PEARLSON
KP Partners
CAROL S. SAUNDERS
University of Central Florida
Dr. Theo and Friedl Schoeller Research Center for Business and Society
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
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To Yale & Hana
To Rusty, Russell & Kristin
VP & EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER:
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This book was set in 10/12pt NewCaledonia by Thomson Digital and printed and bound by Courier Westford. The cover was
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This book is printed on acid free paper.
Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years,
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Pearlson, Keri.
Managing and using information systems: a strategic approach/Keri E. Pearlson, Carol S. Saunders. – 5th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-118-28173-4 (pbk.)
1. Knowledge management. 2. Information technology–Management. 3. Management information systems.
4. Electronic commerce. I. Saunders, Carol S. II. Title.
HD30.2.P4 2013
658.4 0 038011—dc23
2012015379
Printed in the United States of America
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Preface
Information technology and business are becoming inextricably interwoven. I don’t think
anybody can talk meaningfully about one without the talking about the other.1
Bill Gates
Microsoft
I’m not hiring MBA students for the technology you learn while in school, but for your
ability to learn about, use and subsequently manage new technologies when you get out.
IT Executive
Federal Express
Give me a fish and I eat for a day; teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.
Proverb
Managers do not have the luxury of abdicating participation in information
systems decisions. Managers who choose to do so risk limiting their future business
options. Information systems are at the heart of virtually every business interaction,
process, and decision, especially when one considers the vast penetration of the Web
in the last few years. Mobile and social technologies have brought information
systems to an entirely new level within firms, and between individuals in their
personal lives. Managers who let someone else make decisions about their information systems are letting someone else make decisions about the very foundation of
their business. This is a textbook about managing and using information, written for
current and future managers as a way of introducing the broader implications of the
impact of information systems.
The goal of this book is to assist managers in becoming knowledgeable participants in information systems decisions. Becoming a knowledgeable participant
means learning the basics and feeling comfortable enough to ask questions. It
does not mean having all the answers nor having a deep understanding of all the
technologies out in the world today. No text will provide managers with everything
they need to know to make important information systems decisions. Some texts
instruct on the basic technical background of information systems. Others discuss
applications and their life cycle. Some take a comprehensive view of the management
information systems (MIS) field and offer readers snapshots of current systems along
with chapters describing how those technologies are designed, used, and integrated
into business life.
This book takes a different approach. This text is intended to provide the reader with
a foundation of basic concepts relevant to using and managing information. It is not
intended to provide a comprehensive treatment on any one aspect of MIS, for certainly
1
http://www.woopidoo.com/business quotes/authors/bill-gates-quotes.htm.
iii
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each aspect is itself a topic of many books. It is not intended to provide readers with
enough technological knowledge to make them MIS experts. It is not intended to be a
source of discussion of any particular technology. This textbook is written to help
managers begin to form a point of view of how information systems will help, hinder, and
create opportunities for their organizations.
The idea for this text grew out of discussions with colleagues in the MIS area. Many
faculties use a series of case studies, trade and popular press readings, and Web sites to
teach their MIS courses. Others simply rely on one of the classic texts, which include
dozens of pages of diagrams, frameworks, and technologies. The initial idea for this text
emerged from a core MIS course taught at the business school at the University of
Texas at Austin. That course was considered an “appetizer” course—a brief introduction into the world of MIS for MBA students. The course had two main topics: using
information and managing information. At the time, there was no text like this one,
hence students had to purchase thick reading packets made up of articles and
case studies to provide them with the basic concepts. The course was structured to
provide the general MBA with enough knowledge of the field of MIS that they could
recognize opportunities to use the rapidly changing technologies available to them. The
course was an appetizer to the menu of specialty courses, each of which went much
deeper into the various topics. But completion of the appetizer course meant that
students were able to feel comfortable listening to, contributing to, and ultimately
participating in information systems decisions.
Today, many students are digital natives—people who have grown up using
information technologies all of their lives. That means that students come to their
courses with significantly more knowledge about things like tablets, apps, personal
computers, smartphones, texting, the Web, social networking, file downloading, online
purchasing, and social media than their counterparts in school just a few years ago. This
is a significant trend that is projected to continue; students will be increasingly
knowledgeable in personally using technologies. That knowledge has begun to change
the corporate environment. Today’s digital natives expect to find information systems
in corporations that provide at least the functionality they have at home. At the same
time, they expect to be able to work in ways that take advantage of the technologies they
have grown to depend on for social interaction, collaboration, and innovation. This
edition of the text has been completely edited with this new group of students in mind.
We believe the basic foundation is still needed for managing and using information
systems, but we understand that the assumptions and knowledge base of today’s
students is significantly different.
Also different today is the vast amount of information amassed by firms, sometimes
called the “Big Data Problem.” Not only have organizations figured out that there is a lot
of data around their processes, their interactions with customers, their products, and
their suppliers, but with the increase in communities and social interactions on the Web,
there is an additional pressure to collect and analyze vast amounts of unstructured
information contained in these conversations to identify trends, needs, and projections.
We believe that today’s managers face an increasing amount of pressure to understand
what is being said by those inside and outside their corporations and to join the
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conversations as much as reasonable. That is significantly different from just a few
years ago.
This book includes an introduction, twelve chapters of text and minicases, and
a set of case studies and supplemental readings on a Web site. The introduction
makes the argument introduced in this preface that managers must be knowledgeable participants in information systems decisions. The first few chapters build a
basic framework of relationships between business strategy, information systems
strategy, and organizational strategy and explore the links between these strategies.
Readers will also find a chapter on how information systems relate to business
transformation. Supplemental materials, including longer cases from all over the
globe, can be found on the Web. Please visit http://www.wiley.com/college/pearlson
for more information.
General managers also need some foundation on how IT is managed if they are to
successfully discuss their next business needs with IT professionals who can help them.
Therefore, the remaining chapters describe the basics of information architecture and
infrastructure, the business of IT, the governance of the IS organization, the sourcing of
information systems, project management, business intelligence, business analytics and
knowledge management, and relevant ethical issues.
No text in the field of MIS is current. The process of writing the chapters, coupled
with the publication process, makes a text somewhat out-of-date prior to delivery to its
audience. With that in mind, this text is written to summarize the “timeless” elements
of using and managing information. Although this text is complete in and of itself,
learning is enhanced by coupling the chapters with the most current readings and cases.
Students are encouraged to search the Web for examples and current events and
bring them into the discussions of the issues at hand. The format of each chapter begins
with a navigational guide, a short case study and the basic language for a set of important
management issues. This is followed up with a set of managerial concerns related
to the topic. The chapter concludes with a summary, a set of study questions, key
words, and case studies.
This is the fifth edition of this text, and this version includes several significant
additions and revisions. Each chapter now has a Social Business Lens, a textbox that
calls out one topic related to the main chapter, but that is enabled or fundamental to
using social tools in the enterprise. Most chapters also have a Geographic Lens box, a
single idea from a global issue related to the topic of the main chapter. Gone are the
“food for thought” sections in each chapter. Some have been incorporated into the
main part of the chapter, and others have been moved to the companion Web site
available to instructors using this text. Each chapter has been significantly revised,
with newer concepts added, discussions of more current topics fleshed out, and
old, outdated topics removed or at least their discussion shortened. And every
chapter now has a navigation box to help the reader understand the flow and key
topics of the chapter.
Who should read this book? General managers interested in participating in
information systems decisions will find this a good reference resource for the language
and concepts of IS. Managers in the information systems field will find this book a good
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resource for beginning to understand the general manager’s view of how information
systems affect business decisions. And IS students will be able to use the readings and
concepts in this book as the beginning point in their journey to become informed and
successful business people.
The information revolution is here. Where do you fit in?
Keri E. Pearlson and Carol S. Saunders
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Acknowledgments
Books of this nature are written only with the support of many individuals. We would like
to personally thank several individuals who helped with this text. Although we’ve made
every attempt to include everyone who helped make this book a reality, there is always
the possibility of unintentionally leaving some out. We apologize in advance if that is the
case here.
Brandt Walker helped us with this edition by researching various topics, finding
cases, and verifying examples from previous editions. We really appreciate his thoughtful
efforts. We also appreciate the considerable efforts of Parul Acharya and Arturo
Watlington III, students at the University of Central Florida who enthusiastically helped
with proofreading, research and background checking of facts. Thank you also goes to
Matthew Riley and Steve Kaplan of Presidio for help with the infrastructure and
architecture concepts.
We also want to acknowledge and thank pbwiki.com. Without their incredible and
free wiki, we would have been relegated to e-mailing drafts of chapters back and forth.
For this edition, as with the fourth edition, we wanted to use Web 2.0 tools as we wrote
about them. We found that having used the wiki for our previous edition, we were able to
get up and running much faster than if we had to start over without the platform.
We have been blessed with the help of our colleagues in this and in previous editions
of the book. They helped us by writing cases and reviewing the text. Our thanks continue
to go out to Dennis Galletta, Jonathan Trower, Espen Andersen, Janis Gogan, Ashok
Rho, Yvonne Lederer Antonucci, E. Jose Proenca, Bruce Rollier, Dave Oliver, Celia
Romm, Ed Watson, D. Guiter, S. Vaught, Kala Saravanamuthu, Ron Murch, John
Greenwod, Tom Rohleder, Sam Lubbe, Thomas Kern, Mark Dekker, Anne Rutkowski,
Kathy Hurtt, Kay Nelson, John Butler, Philip Russell Saunders, Mihir Parikh, and Craig
Tidwell. In addition, the students of the spring 2008 Technology Management and
summer 2008 Information Resource Management classes at the University of Central
Florida provided comments that proved helpful in writing some cases and making
revisions. Though we cannot thank them by name, we also greatly appreciate the
comments of the anonymous reviewers who have made a mark on this edition.
The book would not have been started were it not for the initial suggestion of a
wonderful editor at John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Beth Lang Golub. Her persistence and
patience have helped shepherd this book through many months of creation, modification, evaluation, and production, and she will shepherd it through translation into other
languages. Special thanks go to Samantha Mandel, who very patiently helped us through
the revision process. We also appreciate the help of all the staff at Wiley, who have made
this edition a reality.
From Keri: Thank you to my husband, Dr. Yale Pearlson, and my daughter, Hana
Pearlson. Once again, their patience with me while I worked on this edition was
incredibly supportive. They understood my manic moments, and celebrated the
vii
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victories and completion with as much joy as if they had written this book themselves.
They also provided some ideas and examples, especially around the social business
topics. I love you guys!
From Carol: Rusty, thank you for being my compass (always keeping me headed in
the right direction) and my release valve (patiently walking me through stressful times—
like writing revisions). I couldn’t do it without you. Every year I love you more! I love
you, Kristin, Russell, and Janel very much!
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About the Authors
Dr. Keri E. Pearlson is president of KP Partners, an advisory services firm specializing in
creating business leaders skilled in the strategic use of information systems and
organizational design in the Web 2.0 world. Dr. Pearlson is an entrepreneur, teacher,
researcher, consultant, and thought leader. She has held various positions in academia
and industry. She was a member of the information systems faculty at the Graduate
School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin, where she taught management
information systems courses to MBAs and executives. She held positions at the Harvard
Business School, CSC, nGenera (formerly the Concours Group), AT&T, and Hughes
Aircraft Company. While writing this edition, she was also an Adjunct faculty member at
Babson College, in Wellesley, MA, and elected the first President of the Austin Area
Society of Information Management chapter.
She is co-author of Zero Time: Providing Instant Customer Value—Every Time, All
the Time (John Wiley & Sons, 2000). Her work has been published in numerous places
including Sloan Management Review, Academy of Management Executive, and Information Resources Management Journal. Many of her case studies have been published
by Harvard Business School Publishing and are used all over the world. She currently
writes a blog on issues at the intersection of IT and business strategy. It’s available at
www.kppartners.com.
Dr. Pearlson holds a Doctorate in Business Administration (DBA) in Management
Information Systems from the Harvard Business School and both a Master’s Degree in
Industrial Engineering Management and a Bachelor’s Degree in Applied Mathematics
from Stanford University.
Dr. Carol S. Saunders is professor of Management at the University of Central Florida in
Orlando, Florida, and Schoeller Senior Fellow (2012) at the University of ErlangenNuremberg. She served as General Conference Chair of the International Conference
on Information Systems (ICIS) in 1999 and Telecommuting in 1996. She was the chair of
the ICIS Executive Committee in 2000. For three years, she served as editor-in-chief of
MIS Quarterly. She has received the Association of Information Systems (AIS) LEO
award for lifetime accomplishments and is a Fellow of the AIS.
Her current research interests include the impact of information system on power
and communication, overload, virtual teams, virtual worlds, time, sourcing, and interorganizational linkages. Her research is published in …
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